Grape marc (state: s)

Material type: Other Residue

Exergy values

Method	Minimum / kJ/kg	Mean / kJ/kg	Maximum / kJ/kg
heating values: Huang et al (2016) HHV	21052.3	21052.3	21052.3
heating values: Song et al (2012) HHV	20263.6	20263.6	20263.6
heating values: Zhang et al (2016) HHV	20470.7	20470.7	20470.7
ultimate: Hongliang et al (2017)	20445.2	20446.7	20448.3
ultimate: Shieh & Fan (1982)	19955.1	19957.9	19960.8
ultimate: Song et al (2012)	21024.2	21026.4	21028.7
ultimate: Stepanov (1995)	19358.4	19361.5	19364.5

Composition

No substance composition data.

Proximate analysis

Component	Wt %
VM	65.80
FC	26.40
A	7.80

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
VM	65.80
FC	26.40
A	7.80

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Ultimate analysis

Component	Wt %
Ash	7.80
C	49.76
O	34.47
H	5.62
N	2.21
S	0.14
Cl	0.00

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
Ash	7.80
C	49.77
O	34.48
H	5.62
N	2.20
S	0.14
Cl	0.00

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Heating values

Heating value	kJ/kg
HHV	19354.0
LHV	None

Reference: (Song, et al., 2012)