Poplar (state: s)

Material type: Wood

Exergy values

Method	Minimum / kJ/kg	Mean / kJ/kg	Maximum / kJ/kg
heating values: Huang et al (2016) HHV	21662.6	21662.6	21662.6
heating values: Song et al (2012) HHV	20917.0	20917.0	20917.0
heating values: Zhang et al (2016) HHV	21119.6	21119.6	21119.6
ultimate: Hongliang et al (2017)	20977.6	20980.6	20983.5
ultimate: Shieh & Fan (1982)	19915.5	19917.3	19919.1
ultimate: Song et al (2012)	21211.0	21214.5	21218.0
ultimate: Stepanov (1995)	19271.2	19274.8	19278.4

Composition

No substance composition data.

Proximate analysis

Component	Wt %
VM	85.60
FC	12.30
A	2.10

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
VM	85.60
FC	12.30
A	2.10

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Ultimate analysis

Component	Wt %
Ash	2.10
C	50.49
O	40.80
H	5.97
N	0.59
S	0.02
Cl	0.03

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
Ash	2.10
C	50.51
O	40.80
H	5.97
N	0.60
S	0.02
Cl	0.00

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Heating values

Heating value	kJ/kg
HHV	19978.0
LHV	None

Reference: (Song, et al., 2012)