Hemlock bark (state: s)

Material type: Wood

Exergy values

Method	Minimum / kJ/kg	Mean / kJ/kg	Maximum / kJ/kg
heating values: Huang et al (2016) HHV	22367.7	22367.7	22367.7
heating values: Song et al (2012) HHV	21671.9	21671.9	21671.9
heating values: Zhang et al (2016) HHV	21869.5	21869.5	21869.5
ultimate: Hongliang et al (2017)	21748.5	21749.2	21750.0
ultimate: Shieh & Fan (1982)	21131.9	21133.5	21135.1
ultimate: Song et al (2012)	22378.6	22380.0	22381.4
ultimate: Stepanov (1995)	20442.3	20443.9	20445.5

Composition

No substance composition data.

Proximate analysis

Component	Wt %
VM	72.00
FC	25.50
A	2.50

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
VM	72.00
FC	25.50
A	2.50

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Ultimate analysis

Component	Wt %
Ash	2.50
C	53.63
O	37.83
H	5.75
N	0.20
S	0.10
Cl	0.00

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
Ash	2.50
C	53.63
O	37.82
H	5.75
N	0.20
S	0.10
Cl	0.00

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Heating values

Heating value	kJ/kg
HHV	20699.0
LHV	None

Reference: (Song, et al., 2012)