Poplar bark (state: s)

Material type: Wood

Exergy values

Method	Minimum / kJ/kg	Mean / kJ/kg	Maximum / kJ/kg
heating values: Huang et al (2016) HHV	22568.2	22568.2	22568.2
heating values: Song et al (2012) HHV	21886.5	21886.5	21886.5
heating values: Zhang et al (2016) HHV	22082.7	22082.7	22082.7
ultimate: Hongliang et al (2017)	22115.4	22116.7	22118.1
ultimate: Shieh & Fan (1982)	21627.7	21630.4	21633.0
ultimate: Song et al (2012)	22756.1	22758.5	22760.9
ultimate: Stepanov (1995)	20963.2	20965.9	20968.6

Composition

No substance composition data.

Proximate analysis

Component	Wt %
VM	80.30
FC	17.50
A	2.20

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
VM	80.30
FC	17.50
A	2.20

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Ultimate analysis

Component	Wt %
Ash	2.20
C	52.42
O	38.44
H	6.55
N	0.29
S	0.10
Cl	0.00

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
Ash	2.20
C	52.43
O	38.42
H	6.55
N	0.30
S	0.10
Cl	0.00

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Heating values

Heating value	kJ/kg
HHV	20904.0
LHV	None

Reference: (Song, et al., 2012)