Carton (state: s)

Material type: Carton

Exergy values

Method	Minimum / kJ/kg	Mean / kJ/kg	Maximum / kJ/kg
heating values: Huang et al (2016) HHV	20148.7	20148.7	20148.7
heating values: Song et al (2012) HHV	19296.2	19296.2	19296.2
heating values: Zhang et al (2016) HHV	19509.7	19509.7	19509.7
ultimate: Hongliang et al (2017)	19191.2	19191.2	19191.2
ultimate: Shieh & Fan (1982)	17692.3	17692.3	17692.3
ultimate: Song et al (2012)	18952.0	18952.0	18952.0
ultimate: Stepanov (1995)	17104.2	17104.2	17104.2

Composition

No substance composition data.

Proximate analysis

Component	Wt %
VM	83.95
FC	8.82
A	7.22

Reference: (Eboh, et al., 2016)

Ultimate analysis

Component	Wt %
Ash	7.22
C	45.43
O	41.31
H	5.70
N	0.19
S	0.15
Cl	0.00

Reference: (Eboh, et al., 2016)

Heating values

Heating value	kJ/kg
HHV	18430.0
LHV	None

Reference: (Eboh, et al., 2016)