Oat straw (state: s)

Material type: Straws

Exergy values

Method	Minimum / kJ/kg	Mean / kJ/kg	Maximum / kJ/kg
heating values: Huang et al (2016) HHV	20071.4	20071.4	20071.4
heating values: Song et al (2012) HHV	19213.5	19213.5	19213.5
heating values: Zhang et al (2016) HHV	19427.5	19427.5	19427.5
ultimate: Hongliang et al (2017)	19271.9	19274.5	19277.1
ultimate: Shieh & Fan (1982)	17702.7	17707.0	17711.3
ultimate: Song et al (2012)	19018.6	19019.8	19021.0
ultimate: Stepanov (1995)	17112.7	17113.7	17114.7

Composition

No substance composition data.

Proximate analysis

Component	Wt %
VM	80.50
FC	13.60
A	5.90

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
VM	80.50
FC	13.60
A	5.90

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Ultimate analysis

Component	Wt %
Ash	5.90
C	45.89
O	41.94
H	5.64
N	0.47
S	0.08
Cl	0.08

Reference: (Vassilev, et al., 2010)

Component	Wt %
Ash	5.90
C	45.89
O	41.99
H	5.65
N	0.50
S	0.08
Cl	0.00

Reference: (Song, et al., 2011)

Heating values

Heating value	kJ/kg
HHV	18351.0
LHV	None

Reference: (Song, et al., 2012)